So basically, select from the table where the poster=logged in user and use if(mysql_num_rows($query)==1){die("You posted ".$_POST['status']."already!");}
Alongside a duplicate checker, you may also want a user input limiter. Which would restrict by time. One of the more basic methods entails having a timer and locking/unlocking the queue based on the amount of time elapsed. Specific intervals would vary with use, e.g. chatroom, comments.
You could simply have PHP (or whatever server-side language you're using) check if the most recent posts (say, 2) are from the same user and disallow further posting from that user until another has posted.
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